Sequential and Binary Searching Algorithms in Ruby

Searching refers to the algorithmic process of finding a specific item from a collection of items. A search enables us to know whether an item exists in a collection of items. The most common search algorithms are sequential search and binary search. This tutorial explains how these search algorithms work and how they can be implemented in Ruby.

An assumption of the sequential search is that the items are not ordered in any way. The probability that a given item can be found at any index on the array is the same. If a given item is not stored in a given array, the only way for us to ascertain that is to compare it against every item in that array. For an array with n items, we will need n comparisons to search an item that either is stored at the last index of the array or one that is not stored in the array at all. While we may have fewer comparisons for an item stored at the beginning of the array (near index 0), the worst-case scenario is to have us compare an item against all items stored in an array. Hence, the complexity of a sequential search is typically O(n).

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